Bonding agents are applied to the surface of existing concrete to enhance the adhesion between old and new concrete layers. These agents improve bond strength by penetrating the substrate and creating a chemical and mechanical connection. This ensures that new concrete or repair materials adhere strongly to the old surface, enhancing the overall structural integrity. Studies have shown that bonding agents can increase the tensile and flexural strength of repaired concrete by up to 50%, ensuring effective and long-lasting repairs that improve structural stability.

Structural adhesives are high-strength adhesives used to bond various materials, including concrete, steel, and masonry. They provide a strong, flexible bond that can accommodate movement and stress without failure, which is crucial for critical structural repairs. Research demonstrates that structural adhesives enhance the performance of repaired structures by providing reliable bonding and restoring load-carrying capacities. This effectiveness is essential for applications where traditional repair methods may be inadequate, ensuring long-term durability and stability in critical structural components.